Seawater Quality Monitoring Plan

introduction

With the acceleration of global industrialization and population growth, the marine environment is facing unprecedented pressure. The problem of seawater pollution is becoming increasingly serious, posing a serious threat to marine ecosystems and human health. Therefore, it is particularly important to establish a scientific and efficient seawater quality monitoring plan. This article will provide a detailed introduction to the seawater quality monitoring plan from the aspects of monitoring methods, monitoring content, monitoring technology, and future development directions.

Monitoring methods

1. Traditional monitoring methods

Traditional seawater quality monitoring mainly relies on manual sampling, which involves driving a ship to a designated target point for water quality sampling and bringing the samples back to the laboratory for analysis. This method is subject to complex meteorological conditions and sea conditions, resulting in low work efficiency, high risk factors for practitioners, poor real-time performance, and limited monitoring water areas. Therefore, traditional methods are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of modern marine environmental monitoring.

2. Modern monitoring technology

With the rapid development of ocean engineering technology and Internet of Things technology, modern seawater quality monitoring technologies mainly include buoy monitoring, satellite monitoring, airborne monitoring, and unmanned ship monitoring.

Buoy monitoring: Real time monitoring of water quality and ocean currents is achieved by installing an anchored buoy system in the sea, equipped with various parameter sensors. The buoy monitoring system integrates a power supply system and a data acquisition and transmission system, and can rely on GPRS/Beidou satellites to transmit monitoring data in real time to land management stations. This method is highly automated, continuous monitoring, and does not require a lot of manpower and material resources, but the buoys can only be placed in fixed positions and the monitoring range is limited.

Satellite monitoring: Using sensors on satellites to receive reflections from seawater surfaces, atmospheric scattering, and radiation from sunlight entering seawater, analyzing the absorption and scattering of specific wavelengths of light by water quality parameters, and reflecting the concentration values of various water quality parameters. Satellite monitoring has the advantages of fast monitoring speed, continuous monitoring, and wide monitoring range, and is an effective means of studying ecological disasters such as red tide at sea.

Airborne monitoring: Remote sensing monitoring is carried out in the air using helicopters and other aviation tools equipped with sensors. Airborne monitoring is sensitive, accurate, and has high resolution. In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles have developed rapidly as a new direction, with the advantages of high maneuverability and low cost, and have been widely used in offshore marine water quality monitoring.

Unmanned ship monitoring: The water quality monitoring system is mounted on an unmanned ship and the monitoring results are transmitted in real time to a land-based station through wireless communication technology. Unmanned ship monitoring has the characteristics of flexibility and strong mobility, which can cover a wider monitoring area.

Monitoring content

The content of seawater quality monitoring includes but is not limited to the following aspects:

Physical parameters: such as water temperature, salinity, transparency, chromaticity, etc.

Chemical parameters: such as pH value, dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), nutrients (such as nitrate, phosphate, etc.), heavy metals (such as mercury, copper, lead, cadmium, etc.), and organic pollutants.

Biological parameters: such as chlorophyll a, species and quantity of plankton, etc.

Ecological parameters: monitoring and early warning of ecological disasters such as red tide and green tide.

monitoring technology

1. Sensor technology

Modern seawater quality monitoring relies on various high-precision sensors, such as pH meters, dissolved oxygen sensors, turbidity meters, multi parameter water quality analyzers, etc. These sensors can monitor various parameters in seawater in real time and transmit data to the management station for analysis and processing through wireless communication technology.

2. Data analysis and processing techniques

By collecting, organizing, and analyzing monitoring data, the quality of seawater can be evaluated, the trend of water quality changes can be predicted, and potential water pollution problems can be detected and warned in a timely manner. Data analysis and processing techniques include data cleaning, data mining, model prediction, etc.

3. Emergency monitoring technology

In the face of sudden marine ecological disasters and pollution events, emergency monitoring technology is particularly important. By equipping emergency monitoring equipment and professional teams, water quality monitoring can be quickly carried out on site, providing scientific basis for emergency decision-making.

Future development direction

1. Intelligent monitoring

With the continuous development of technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence, seawater quality monitoring will become more intelligent in the future. By building an intelligent monitoring network, real-time collection, transmission, analysis, and processing of monitoring data can be achieved to improve monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

2. Unmanned monitoring

Unmanned monitoring technology will become an important development direction for future seawater quality monitoring. Unmanned platforms such as unmanned ships and drones will be widely used in marine environmental monitoring to reduce personnel risks and improve monitoring efficiency.

3. Comprehensive monitoring system

Building a comprehensive monitoring system is the key to achieving comprehensive and efficient monitoring of seawater quality. By integrating various technological means such as buoy monitoring, satellite monitoring, airborne monitoring, and unmanned ship monitoring, a comprehensive and widely covered marine environment monitoring network is formed.

conclusion

Monitoring seawater quality is an important measure to protect the marine environment and maintain ecological balance. By adopting modern monitoring technology and establishing a scientific and efficient monitoring plan, real-time monitoring of seawater quality can be achieved, and potential water pollution problems can be detected and warned in a timely manner. In the future, with the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous improvement of monitoring systems, seawater quality monitoring will become more intelligent, unmanned, and comprehensive, providing strong support for marine environmental protection and sustainable development.